In 2020, the UK ranked the fifth in the world for overall wine consumption, so it’s safe to say, we are big lovers of it, and as a nation, we are also slowly moving up the ranks in terms of wine production too.
It is thought the Romans first introduced vines and winemaking to Britain in as early as 43BC, but due to strong trading links with France and Italy, and the British climate, importing wine was much easier.
There is some evidence that vineyards were established again in the sixth century as the spread of Christianity led to the rebirth of vine growing. However, wine trade with mainland Europe also increased at this time, which meant production in Britain once again didn’t take off.
In the 11th century, during the Norman Invasion, led by William the Conqueror, life in the Middle Ages was recorded in the Domesday Book and records show 42 vineyards in England, twelve of which were attached to monasteries.
Around the time of Henry II’s reign, vineyard owners used their land for more profitable uses, rather than winemaking, and from the mid-1300s, Britain was more renowned for its importing, bottling and cellaring of wine, rather than its production.
English wine making came to an abrupt halt completely in the 20th century, thanks to the First World War, when the need for land to grow crops on was much more important.
In 1952, Major-General Sir Guy Salisbury-Jones planted the first commercial vineyard in England at Hambledon, Hampshire where he grew Seyval Blanc. It became the first vineyard to be planted to produce wine for sale.
In 1955, Jack Ward, introduced new varieties such as Reichensteiner, Huxelrebe, and Schönburger to the UK and was the first chairman of the English Vineyards Association, now UK Vineyards Association.
As time went by, more vineyards were planted, and new grape varieties introduced. Technology has also helped improve knowledge and helped create a better understanding of owning and running vineyards.
There are now approximately 800 vineyards and 178 wineries in the UK, with roughly 5,000 people working in the UK wine sector.